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Item Chapter-18. সমকালীন পরিবেশে প্রতিকূল গল্প-ভাবনা : প্রসঙ্গ শাস্ত্রবিরোধী আন্দোলন(Shankhik, 2016) Das, Bikiকথাসাহিত্যের উদ্ভব হয় লেখক-মানস ও সমাজ-মানসের সংঘাতের আবর্তে। সাহিত্য কখনো স্থবিরতা পছন্দ করে না। বাংলা ছোটোগল্পে একটা পরিবর্তন প্রয়োজন হয়ে পড়েছিল। এর জন্য মৃদু প্রতিবাদ নয়, দরকার হয়েছিল প্রবল বিদ্রোহের। বাংলা ছোটোগল্পে যেসব বস্তাপচা নিয়মকানুন রাজনীতির ওপর দাঁড়িয়ে লেখা হচ্ছিল, তাকে অস্বীকার তথা আঘাত করা অত্যন্ত জরুরি হয়ে পড়েছিল। দেশভাগ পরবর্তীকালে পাঁচের দশক জুড়ে বাঙালি মধ্যবিত্ত সমাজ যে কঠোর বাস্তব জীবন-সংগ্রামের মুখোমুখি হয়েছিল তার বাস্তব চিত্র পাঁচের দশকের বাংলা ছোটোগল্প সমূহে পাওয়া যায়। এই দশকে যাঁরা নতুন গল্প-কথন-শৈলী নিয়ে আসেন, তাঁদের মধ্যে উল্লেখযোগ্য হলেন౼ দেবেশ রায়, কমলকুমার মজুমদার, দীপেন্দ্রনাথ বন্দ্যোপাধ্যায়, সন্দীপন চট্টোপাধ্যায়, এছাড়াও অমিয়ভূষণ মজুমদার প্রমুখ। বয়সে নবীন কিছু লেখক চিন্তনে নতুন গল্পভাবনা নিয়ে এলেন ছয়ের দশকে। বিশ শতকের ছয়ের দশকেই একদল তরুণ মেতে উঠেছিল প্রথা ভাঙার খেলায়। বাংলা সাহিত্যের বহমান বিষয় বিন্যাসের ঘূর্ণাবর্তে শ্রদ্ধা হারিয়ে এই তরুণের দল গল্পের স্বাদ বদল করার চেষ্টা করে। এই চেষ্টাই পরবর্তীকালে আন্দোলনে পরিবর্তিত হয়েছিল, যেমন౼ হাংরি জেনারেশন, শাস্ত্রবিরোধী, শ্রুতি, নিমসাহিত্য, গল্পতন্ত্র ও চাকর সাহিত্যবিরোধী গল্প আন্দোলন, ঘটনা প্রধান গদ্য, নতুন নিয়ম ইত্যাদি। আমি বেছে নিয়েছি ছোটোগল্পকেন্দ্রিক শাস্ত্রবিরোধী আন্দোলনকে।Item Chapter-17. ভারতবর্ষের স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামে (১৯২০–১৯৪৭) রাজবংশী নারীদের অবদান: একটি ঐতিহাসিক অন্বেষণ(Shankhik, 2026) Barman, Surajitশ্রদ্ধেয় নির্মল চন্দ্র চৌধুরী তাঁর ‘স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামে রাজবংশী সম্প্রদায়’ গ্রন্থটিতে যে ঐতিহাসিক চরিত্রসমূহের উপস্থাপনা করেছেন, প্রাথমিক উপাদান হিসেবে তা মূলত সমসাময়িককালের জলপাইগুড়ির স্থানীয় পত্রিকা ‘জনমত সংবাদ ও সাহিত্য সাপ্তাহিক পত্রিকা’ এবং ‘ত্রিস্রোতা সাপ্তাহিক সংবাদ ও সাহিত্য পত্রিকা’ থেকে প্রাপ্য তথ্যের ভিত্তিতে তারই অলংকরণের কাজ সুসম্পন্ন করেছেন। নিঃসন্দেহে এ এক জীবন্ত দলিল। আমাদের দুর্ভাগ্য যে, এই দুই পত্রিকার সংখ্যাগুলো এখন আর তেমন পাওয়া যায় না। কালের অতল গহ্বরে তলিয়ে গেছে। যাইহোক, বর্তমান প্রজন্মকেও আজকের দিনে দাঁড়িয়ে রাজবংশী সমাজের মানুষের স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামে রক্তঝরা আত্মবলিদান ও আত্মত্যাগের কাহিনীর সার্থক রূপরেখার পুনর্নির্মাণে শ্রদ্ধেয় চৌধুরী মহাশয়ের গ্রন্থ ভিন্ন গত্যন্তর নেই। কাজেই বলার অপেক্ষা রাখে না যে, বর্তমান লেখকও উল্লেখিত গ্রন্থের অপরিহার্যতার কথা নতমস্তকে স্বীকার করেন, যা বর্তমান প্রবন্ধ তৈরিতেও সেটি আকর গ্রন্থ - উপাদান হিসেবে ব্যবহার করা হয়েছে। আলোচ্য প্রবন্ধটিতে রাজবংশী নারীদের সংগ্রামী মানসিকতার প্রেক্ষাপটসহ তাঁদের অবর্ণনীয় অংশগ্রহণ ও নেতৃত্বদানের কথাই মূল প্রতিপাদ্য বিষয় হিসেবে স্থান পেয়েছে। প্রবন্ধটিতে রাজবংশী সমাজের নারীদের স্বাধীনতা সংগ্রামে যে মহত্ত্ব ও বীরত্বের কাহিনীকে তুলে ধরার এক আবশ্যিক শর্ত হিসেবে অতি তুচ্ছ প্রচেষ্টা হয়েছে, তা নিশ্চয়ই পাঠকসাধারণ পাঠান্তে মূল্যায়ন করবেন।Item Contemporary Aspects of Environment, Society, and Livelihood(Shankhik, 2026) Rajnabshi, Gobinda; Hossain, Farhat; Adhikary, SamirItem Chapter-8. Bridging the Urban-Rural Knowledge Gap: Inclusive Digital Library Models for Empowering ICDS Staff in Cooch Behar, India(Shankhik, 2026) Paul, SuvojyotiThe study delineates the urban-rural knowledge divide among Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS) workers in Cooch Behar, India, shedding light on system-wide discrimination in professional development opportunities, digital literacy, and infrastructure. A cross-sectional quantitative survey reveals glaring differences in the frequency of training programs, library access, and the availability of digital resources among ICDS workers in urban and rural areas. In reaction to these findings, this paper sets a model, a scalable and inclusive initiative under public libraries to support professional learning through digital hubs, content in multiple languages, mobile library services, and structured peer-learning workshops. This model would contribute toward India's developmental goals set out at Viksit Bharat@2047, as well as SDGs 4 (Quality Education) and 10 (Reduced Inequality), by facilitating equitable knowledge dissemination to improve ICDS service quality and promote sustainable development through local learning platforms.Item Chapter-15. স্বাধীনতা পরবর্তী ভারতবর্ষে পরিবেশের অবক্ষয় ও পরিবেশ আন্দোলনের উত্থান(Shankhik, 2026) Sarkar, Uttamস্বাধীনতা-পরবর্তী সময়ে ভারতে দ্রুত শিল্পায়ন, নগরায়ন ও রাষ্ট্রনেতৃত্বাধীন উন্নয়ন নীতির ফলে ভারতের পরিবেশগত অবক্ষয় ক্রমশ গভীরতর আকার ধারণ করেছে; বন উজাড়, জলাভূমি ভরাট,নদী দূষণ ও জীববৈচিত্র্যের ক্ষতি সাধন মানবস্বাস্থ্য ও প্রাকৃতিক চক্রের ধারাবাহিকতার জন্য এক গুরুতর সঙ্কটে পরিণত হয়েছে। এই প্রেক্ষাপটে দেশের বিভিন্ন অঞ্চলে উদ্ভূত তৃণমূল ও সংগঠিত পরিবেশ আন্দোলন কেবল স্থানীয় সম্পদরক্ষা নয়, উন্নয়নের চরিত্র ও ন্যায়বিচারের প্রশ্নকেও কেন্দ্রীয় ইস্যু হিসেবে সামনে নিয়ে এসেছে। গারোয়াল হিমালয়ে গড়ে ওঠা চিপকো আন্দোলন (১৯৭৩) বনসম্পদকে বাজারমুখী শোষণ থেকে রক্ষার লক্ষ্যে গ্রামীণ সমাজ, বিশেষত নারীদের নেতৃত্বে অহিংস প্রতিরোধের এক নতুন ধারা নির্মাণ করে, অন্যদিকে ১৯৮০‑এর দশকে নর্মদা বাঁচাও আন্দোলন বৃহৎ বাঁধ প্রকল্পের কারণে সৃষ্ট উচ্ছেদ, জলমগ্নতা ও বাস্তুতন্ত্র ধ্বংসের প্রশ্নকে কেন্দ্র করে রাষ্ট্রের উন্নয়ন মডেলকেই মৌলিকভাবে চ্যালেঞ্জ জানায়। একদিকে একাডেমিক গবেষণা, অন্যদিকে নাগরিক সমাজ ও বৈশ্বিক সংহতির নতুন ক্ষেত্র উন্মোচন করে। সমসাময়িক ভারতের পরিবেশ উন্নয়ন, টেকসই নগরায়ন ও নবীকরণযোগ্য জ্বালানিনির্ভর উন্নয়নের দাবিনির্ভর আন্দোলনগুলো এই ঐতিহাসিক পরিবেশ আন্দোলনগুলির দর্শন ও অভিজ্ঞতার ভিতের ওপর দাঁড়িয়ে আজ নিজেদেরকে আরো ঐক্যবদ্ধ হতে হবে।Item Chapter-13. The Concept of Environmental Ethics in Western Tradition from the Greek Period to the Present Day: A Philosophical Perspective(Shankhik, 2026) Adhikary, SamirToday, the lives of civilized people have undergone a significant transformation. Our attitudes and tastes have evolved, and the rhythm of life has changed dramatically. Many people today are restless and work-driven, eager to travel the world in a relentless race against time. Consequently, speed has become a primary means of entertainment; individuals crave to go faster and faster, hoping to conquer the world through the power of speed. This obsession with speed also influences our choices of transportation for leisure activities. From an eco-centric ethical perspective, it is more appropriate to use bicycles on land and stand-up paddleboats on water for enjoying travel, as these options do not contribute to environmental pollution. In contrast, using motorbikes and motorboats causes environmental harm: the combustion of fossil fuels pollutes water and air, endangering aquatic life and contributing harmful carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Environmental ethics are not solely concerned with human interests; they also encompass the welfare of all sentient beings and the needs of future generations. These ethics are tied to the human aesthetic experience and the appreciation of beauty found in nature, like forests surrounded by mountains and rivers. In eco-centric ethics, materialism and attachment to possessions are not regarded as life’s ultimate goals. In a materialistic society, a person’s well-being is often measured by their wealth and consumer goods. However, eco-centric ethics define well-being through personal development, character excellence, and self-satisfaction. This ethical framework encourages frugality, as excessive consumption contributes to environmental degradation. It advises people to limit their sense of need. Human desires are limitless, often leading to attempts to dominate the entire world, which inevitably results in environmental damage and, ultimately, the extinction of humanity. A wise principle to prevent such a fate is to distinguish between ‘essential needs’ and mere ‘wants’ and to focus on satisfying only our essential needs. For instance, while it may be justifiable to cut down some trees for necessary wood and paper production, it is inappropriate to destroy an entire forest for excess resources intended for commercial profit. The temporary economic gain from logging does not compare to the long-term value of preserving an intact forest.Item Chapter-4. From Mother Tongue to Multilingual Classroom: Inclusive Education and the Role of Indigenous Languages in North Bengal(Shankhik, 2026) Chakraborty, MalayMother tongue–based education has increasingly been recognised as a foundational component of inclusive and equitable learning systems across the world. International organisations such as UNESCO, along with landmark policy frameworks like the Salamanca Statement (1994) and India’s National Education Policy (2020), have consistently emphasised the pedagogical, cognitive, and socio-cultural importance of educating children in their first language during the early years of schooling. However, in many multilingual regions, indigenous languages continue to remain marginalised within formal education. North Bengal represents one such linguistically diverse region where the Rajbanshi language functions as a vital medium of cultural expression, collective memory, and everyday communication for a large population. Despite its widespread use and rich literary and oral traditions, Rajbanshi has historically been excluded from mainstream classroom practices. This paper argues that such exclusion not only affects learning outcomes but also undermines learners’ cultural identity and sense of belonging. Adopting a conceptual and qualitative approach, the study draws upon international educational theories, policy documents, and regional academic initiatives to explore the potential of Mother Tongue–Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) in North Bengal. It examines how a multilingual classroom model—integrating the mother tongue (L1), the regional/state language (L2), and English as a global language (L3)—can simultaneously promote cognitive development, linguistic competence, and social inclusion. The paper further highlights the role of higher education institutions in North Bengal that have initiated diploma and certificate programmes in the Rajbanshi language and folk traditions, demonstrating growing academic recognition of indigenous knowledge systems. The study concludes that integrating indigenous languages into formal education is not an impediment to global competence; rather, it is a crucial pathway towards inclusive, culturally responsive, and sustainable education.Item Chapter-14. কোচবিহারের কথাসাহিত্য ও সাহিত্যিক(Shankhik, 2026) Das, Joyকোচবিহারের কথাসাহিত্য ও কথাসাহিত্যিকদের একটি সামগ্রিক মানচিত্র নির্মাণের চেষ্টা করেছে, যাতে রাজ-আমল থেকে খাদ্যআন্দোলন, দেশভাগ, পরিযায়ী শ্রমিক, সীমান্তরাজনীতি ও নদী-কেন্দ্রিক জীবনের পরিবর্তন সাহিত্যরূপে কীভাবে ধরা পড়েছে, তা বিশ্লেষিত হয়েছে। লেখক দিনহাটার প্রবোধচন্দ্র পাল, হীতেন নাগ, প্রদীপ রায়গুপ্ত, চিত্তরঞ্জন দাস, চারু রায়, অশনিভূষণ মজুমদার, বীরেন সাহা প্রভৃতি অপেক্ষাকৃত অপ্রচলিত কথাসাহিত্যিকের উপন্যাস ও গল্পগ্রন্থের আলোচনার মাধ্যমে দেখিয়েছেন যে তোর্ষা-ধরলা-সুটুঙ্গা-তিস্তা-মানসাই প্রভৃতি নদী, গ্রামীণ জীবিকা, রাজনৈতিক আন্দোলন ও সংস্কৃতিবদলের নিখুঁত দলিল হিসেবে এসব রচনা আঞ্চলিক ইতিহাসের গুরুত্বপূর্ণ উৎস। পাশাপাশি তিনি সমকালীন পাঠক-প্রকাশক ও গবেষকদের উদাসীনতা, বই না-জমা রাখার প্রবণতা ও আত্মপ্রচারে ব্যস্ততার সমালোচনা করে যুক্তি দিয়েছেন যে কোচবিহারের সাহিত্য উদ্ধার ও পাঠ না করলে অঞ্চলটির আর্থ-সামাজিক ও সাংস্কৃতিক বিবর্তনের পূর্ণাঙ্গ ছবি পাওয়া যায় না এবং নিজেদের পরিচয়ও অপূর্ণ থেকে যায়।Item Chapter-9. AI Reduces Employment in the Field of Library and Information Science (LIS): Myth vs Reality(Shankhik, 2026) Dutta, PallabyThe rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Library and Information Science (LIS) has generated debate about its impact on employment. This paper examines whether AI reduces job opportunities or transforms professional roles. It addresses concerns that automation in cataloguing, classification, indexing, and reference services may render traditional roles obsolete. Using a qualitative approach, the study reviews LIS literature (2015–2025) and applies thematic analysis to AI applications in areas such as metadata generation, digital preservation, DDC-based classification, and standards like AACR2R and RDA. Findings indicate that while routine tasks are increasingly automated, new roles are emerging in data management, AI ethics, and user interaction. The study argues that LIS professionals are shifting from task-oriented functions to strategic, analytical roles requiring critical thinking and technological proficiency. It concludes that AI does not reduce employment but reshapes it, making continuous skill development essential for sustaining relevance in an evolving information landscape.Item Chapter-11. Role of Libraries on Environmental Literacy: Challenges and Prospects(Shankhik, 2026) Ghosh, Oindrilla; Roy, Tilak ChandraEnvironmental degradation, climate change, biodiversity loss, and unsustainable consumption patterns have emerged as critical global concerns. Environmental literacy has therefore become an essential competency for informed citizenship and sustainable development. Libraries, as democratic institutions of knowledge dissemination, lifelong learning, and community engagement, are uniquely positioned to promote environmental literacy among diverse user groups. This study examines the evolving role of libraries in fostering environmental literacy, with particular emphasis on the challenges they face and the prospects for strengthening their contributions. Adopting a document-based qualitative research methodology, the study analyzes international frameworks, policy documents, professional guidelines, institutional reports, and peer-reviewed literature related to environmental education, sustainability, and library services. The findings reveal that libraries contribute to environmental literacy through curated collections, information literacy programs, digital resources, community outreach, and advocacy for sustainable practices. However, several challenges—including limited funding, inadequate professional training, lack of policy integration, digital divides, and low public awareness—constrain their effectiveness. The paper argues that by reimagining library services through green librarianship, interdisciplinary collaboration, digital innovation, and policy support, libraries can play a transformative role in advancing environmental literacy and sustainable development goals. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for integrating environmental literacy into library planning, professional education, and national information policies.Item Chapter-3. Socio-Cultural Transformation in North Bengal under Globalisation: A Business Perspective(Shankhik, 2026) Karmakar, DipankarGlobalisation is the catchphrase of today’s dynamic world. It is an important development that changed the world deeply in modern history. In the twenty-first century, globalisation has appeared as one of the most powerful weapons reforming societies across the world. Much as Albert Einstein envisaged the nuclear age, globalisation has fundamentally altered economic structures, cultural practices, and social relations. It represents the growing interdependence of economies, cultures, and populations through cross-border flows of goods and services, capital, technology, information, and people. India experienced a major wave of globalisation in the late twentieth century and continues to adapt to its far-reaching consequences. The present study examines the socio-cultural transformation caused by globalisation in the northern part of West Bengal, with particular focus on its implications for business practices, managerial dynamics, and regional development. This article is based on secondary data sources such as books, academic journals, policy documents, and online resources. This article investigates how globalisation has influenced lifestyle and consumer behaviour, language and communication, Education, food consumption patterns, cultural heritage, technology-driven transformation, and entertainment patterns in North Bengal. The study reveals that globalisation has created new openings for economic growth, market expansion, capacity building, and cultural exchange. At the same time, this phenomenon has produced considerable challenges, including cultural homogenization, erosion of linguistic and traditional heritage, unhealthy consumption patterns, and pressures on local artisans and traditional industries. The study concludes that a balanced and sustainable approach—integrating global economic participation with the preservation of regional cultural identity—is essential for inclusive development in North Bengal. Policy support, responsible business practices, Innovative management practices, and community-based initiatives can help the region harness globalisation while safeguarding its unique socio-cultural fabric.Item Chapter-5. Evolving Frontiers of Environmental Conservation: A Quantitative Bibliometric Mapping of Research Trends from 2016 to 2025(Shankhik, 2026) Dhali, GargiThis study aims to map the evolving frontiers of environmental conservation research by examining publication growth, influential sources and authors, highly cited documents, and dominant research themes through a quantitative bibliometric analysis. A total of 900 publications published between 2016 and 2025 were retrieved and analyzed using bibliometric techniques. Performance indicators, source dispersion, authorship productivity, citation impact, keyword frequency, and growth modeling were employed to assess the intellectual structure and developmental trajectory of the field. The results reveal a rapidly expanding research domain, with an annual growth rate of 17.87% and publication output increasing steadily over the study period. Research outputs are distributed across 668 sources, indicating high interdisciplinarity and dispersion. The field is characterized by strong collaboration, with 2,395 authors and an average of 2.96 co-authors per document, alongside 219 single-authored publications. Conceptual richness is evident from 730 author keywords, while 11,525 cited references reflect substantial intellectual grounding. The average document age of 3.16 years highlights the contemporary nature of the research, and an average of 4.037 citations per document indicates moderate and growing scholarly impact. Author productivity analysis identifies YOON J, KIM G, MAHARAJAN KL, and RAHMAN NA as among the most prolific contributors, with notable differences between absolute publication counts and fractionalized contributions, underscoring varying degrees of collaborative engagement. Citation analysis highlights several globally influential publications, including works by Purnomo et al. (2020), Nelson et al. (2020), and Zhang et al. (2020), published in leading journals such as Forest Policy and Economics, PLOS ONE, and Science of the Total Environment. These studies exhibit high total citations and strong annual citation rates, reflecting their foundational role in shaping contemporary environmental conservation discourse. Keyword frequency analysis indicates that research is strongly anchored around environmental conservation, conservation, environment, and sustainability, with growing emphasis on biodiversity, ecosystem services, local wisdom, contingent valuation, and ecotourism, highlighting an increasing integration of ecological, socio-economic, and valuation-based perspectives. Overall, the findings portray environmental conservation as a dynamic, interdisciplinary, and rapidly developing research frontier, with expanding thematic diversity and significant potential for future scholarly advancement. By integrating productivity, citation, authorship, and thematic analyses, this study offers a comprehensive and forward-looking bibliometric overview of environmental conservation research, providing valuable insights for researchers, policymakers, and sustainability scholars.Item Chapter-6. Sports Culture of Rajbanshi People of North Bengal(Shankhik, 2026) Shil, Amrita KumarOne of the integral aspects of human culture is games and sports. India has a rich sports cultural heritage. The Rajbanshis, one of the major ethnic groups inhabiting especially North Bengal, have their own traditional games and sports. Indigenous traditional games and sports can form the backbone of a community, are part of intangible heritage, and are a symbol of the cultural diversity of societies. They also serve as an efficient means to convey values of solidarity, diversity, inclusiveness, and culture, which are integral to national and development strategies. Moreover, they reflect various cultural expressions and create a bridge between cultures to foster better mutual understanding. The prime aim of the present study is to analyse the sports culture of the Rajbanshis of North Bengal.Item Chapter-12. Contribution of Rivers to Human Life in Colonial Cooch Behar(Shankhik, 2026) Barman, AnantaIndia is a riverine country, broadly divided into North and South regions. Major northern rivers include the Ganga, Yamuna, Indus, and Shatdru, while the Krishna, Godavari, Kaveri, and Tungabhadra are prominent in the south. These rivers have shaped India’s history, culture, and economy, sustaining agriculture, trade, and daily life. In North Bengal, which comprises eight districts—Jalpaiguri, Cooch Behar, Alipurduar, Darjeeling, Kalimpong, Malda, North Dinajpur, and South Dinajpur—rivers play a vital role. Cooch Behar, located in the northernmost part, is a major riverine district with key rivers such as Teesta, Torsha, Jaldhaka, Kaljani, Raidak, and Gadadhar. These rivers support human life in multiple ways, including water supply, agriculture, industry, and transportation. However, they are now under serious threat from illegal encroachment, sand mining, pollution, and waste dumping, leading to a growing environmental crisis.Item Chapter-16. প্রবাদ-প্রবচন ও ধাঁধা : লৌকিক নদী সংস্কৃতির এক অনালোকিত ঐতিহ্য(Shankhik, 2026) Das, Papiya; Rajbanshi, Gobindaনদীমাতৃক দেশে নদী জীবনের এক অপরিহার্য অঙ্গ। নদীতে জোয়ার এলে যেমন তারিণীর দেহ ফুলে ফেঁপে উঠত আবার ভাটার টানে জল শুকিয়ে গেলে তারিণীর চেহারাও শুকিয়ে যেত। নদীকে কেন্দ্র করে যাদের জীবন জীবিকা তাদের সংস্কৃতিকে প্রভাবিত করে নদী। তীরবর্তী জনজীবনের ভাষা, সংস্কৃতি, নাচ, গান, লোকসংগীত, ছড়া, ধাঁধা, প্রবাদ প্রবচনে নদনদীর প্রসঙ্গ ও প্রভাব লক্ষ্যণীয়। আমার আলোচ্য বিষয় প্রবাদ-প্রবচন ও ধাঁধা : লৌকিক নদী সংস্কৃতির এক অনালোকিত ঐতিহ্য।Item Chapter-10. Reverence for Nature: A Philosophical Approach(Shankhik, 2026) Alom, HasanurThe great philosopher Benedict Spinoza stated that “all is God and God is all,” identifying God with substance and nature. Human life is deeply dependent on nature; however, in the present time, the value of the environment is often neglected. Although nature possesses a self-regulating capacity through homeostatic systems, excessive exploitation disrupts this balance, limiting its ability to recover. The relationship between humans and nature is fundamentally interactive, yet human activities such as deforestation and pollution have led to severe environmental degradation. This reflects an unethical attitude towards nature and has disturbed the ecological balance. Philosophical perspectives such as anthropocentrism, which places intrinsic value solely on humans, and ecocentrism, which recognises the inherent value of both organisms and the environment, offer contrasting viewpoints. The ideas of Protagoras, who stated that “man is the measure of all things,” further highlight the human-centred approach. In this context, several critical questions arise regarding the ethical use of nature, the value of the environment, and human responsibility towards environmental issues such as pollution and climate change.Item Chapter-7. Indian Knowledge System (IKS): Traditional Knowledge System and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)(Shankhik, 2026) Paul, GaurhariTraditional Knowledge refers to knowledge or practices passed down from generation to generation, which form part of the tradition or heritage of indigenous communities. Traditional knowledge in India has evolved through successive stages. These stages include both the continuous adoption of technology and the development of social awareness. The terms “Traditional knowledge” and “Indigenous Knowledge” are often used interchangeably. However, these terms vary in different contexts. Again, community knowledge and local knowledge are also used as alternative terms. To promote understanding, management, and manipulation of local resources, the contribution of community knowledge is vital. Actually, community knowledge is dynamic and cannot be documented completely at any given point in time. The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) serves as a bridge between ancient wisdom and the modern Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The Indian Knowledge System (IKS) is increasingly recognised not just as a cultural heritage, but as a sophisticated framework for addressing the modern world's environmental and social crises. Indian Knowledge System (IKS) treats sustainability as a holistic way of life. Basically, this study intends to examine the contribution of the Indian Knowledge System (IKS) to the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and to examine the role of IKS in achieving the SDGs.Item Chapter-19. कौटिल्यस्य अर्थशास्त्रमवलम्ब्य वनसृजनस्य वृक्षरक्षणश्च समकालीनसान्दर्भिकता- ससमीक्षमधीति(Shankhik, 2026) Barman, Harishमहामतिः कौटिल्येन विरचितः अर्थशास्त्रः अतीव महत्त्वपूर्णः ग्रन्थः अस्ति। प्राचीनभारतस्य राजनैतिकनीति-सामाजिकचिन्तन-अर्थव्यवस्था-शासनादीनां अवगमनाय अस्य ग्रन्थस्य अपारं मूल्यं वर्तते। न केवलम् अर्थशास्त्रम् राजनीतिशास्त्रस्य ग्रन्थः, अपितु तत् पर्यावरणसंरक्षणस्य, वनोत्पादानां सुनियोजितः उपयोग च एकं सम्पूर्णं शास्त्रम् नानाविधम् आधुनिकचिन्तनानां उत्समेव अस्ति।अस्मिन् ग्रन्थे कौटिल्यः वनानां महत्त्वं, वृक्षाणां रक्षणस्य आवश्यकतां, तथा वनसम्पदाः राज्यस्य अर्थव्यवस्थायां यत् योगदानं कुर्वन्ति तत् सम्यक् प्रतिपादितम् अस्ति। वर्तमानपर्यावरणचिन्तनस्य अनेके पक्षाः अर्थशास्त्रे अन्तर्निहितरूपेण वा किञ्चित्पर्यन्तं मुक्ततया वा प्राप्यन्ते। अस्माकं चतुर्दिशं दृष्टानां जल-वायु-वृक्ष-मृत्तिकादीनां मध्ये सुनिर्दिष्टं सम्पर्कमस्ति, अयमेव परिवेशः इत्युच्यते। अत एव कौटिल्यस्य वनसम्बन्धिनीं नीतिं समीक्षात्मकदृष्ट्या विश्लेषयामः तथा तस्याः आधुनिककालेऽपि प्रासड्गिकतां निर्धारयामः।Item Chapter-2. Preserving Tradition and Shaping the Future: Public Libraries as a Bridge in Contemporary Environment, Livelihood and Cultural Knowledge(Shankhik, 2026) Lama, Nikita; Sarkar, SangitaPublic libraries today stand at the intersection of tradition and innovation, serving as an important institution for disseminating knowledge related to contemporary environmental and livelihood challenges as well as preserving cultural heritage. This study examines how public libraries of Siliguri sub-division, Darjeeling district, function as bridges between traditional cultural knowledge and modern community needs, particularly in the areas of environmental awareness, sustainable livelihoods, and cultural continuity. Using a qualitative approach involving document analysis, interviews, and observation, the study identifies the emerging roles of public libraries as community learning hubs, cultural stewards, and facilitators of local development. Findings highlight that libraries actively support environmental education, provide access to livelihood-enhancing resources, and preserve cultural identity through programs, collections, and community partnerships. The research concludes that public libraries are essential agents of social transformation, capable of harmonizing tradition with future-oriented knowledge to strengthen resilient and informed communities.Item Chapter-1. Advanced Education for Environment, Livelihood and Culture(Shankhik, 2026) Roy, GhanashyamAn advanced education system requires holistic growth, critical thinking and real-world skills. In the present education scenario, it is nothing but achieving a degree or qualification, getting a grade and marks, or getting a job. A large number of schools, colleges, universities, and research institutes across all areas, such as engineering, science, technology, and medicine, require significant collaboration, contributions, dedication, and responsibility. We have different cultures in society, such as village culture, town culture, art culture, scientific culture, and political culture. A developed nation has a developed society. Higher education is not only about getting a job, but also about serving society and developing new technologies. Encouragement is essential for children as they are the future of our country or society. An innovative culture or atmosphere should be developed from the primary education. Advanced Education is required for a developed country, for the people, by the people, for society, for livelihoods, and to protect our natural environment. Vocational education and training (VET) acts as a powerful engine for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by transforming raw labour into specialised "human capital." Unlike general education, which focuses on broad theoretical knowledge, vocational training directly addresses the immediate technical needs of the economy. The Air Quality Index is used to assess the environmental health. The higher the AQI value, the greater the level of air pollution and the greater the health concern. For example, an AQI value of 50 or lower indicates good air quality, while a value over 300 indicates hazardous air quality.